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[虚拟币交流]
以太坊 2026 年转型：为什么基于证明的验证对节点至关重要（转）
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2月11日，以太坊（ETH）开发者和研究人员将齐聚一堂，参加首届L1-zkEVM研讨会。此次活动或将预示着未来以太坊区块验证将变得更快、更轻量、更便捷。9 e+ D" `5 N4 S& x
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路线图：L1-zkEVM 和 EIP-80258 p# U8 Z$ a7 h" b
这项计划属于以太坊 2026 年 L1-zkEVM 路线图的一部分。其核心特性 EIP-8025（也称为可选执行证明）引入了一种新的验证途径。0 |& l% n; r/ w3 W; x
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与其要求每个验证者重新运行（或“重新执行”）区块内的所有交易，系统将允许被称为 zkAttester 的专门参与者使用零知识 (ZK) 证明来验证区块。; F% P* `1 m h- ]0 z0 S
: ?; D. x7 y$ o4 l q重要的是，此次升级是可选的。未进行升级的节点将继续按现有方式运行。' F# p5 _/ b% E M/ j8 |
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这为什么重要？
! F- L( z( T/ b, Y5 [7 j0 z! a, [/ }现在，以太坊为了确认交易的正确性，验证者必须重新执行每个区块中的每笔交易。随着网络活动的增长，这将变得非常消耗资源。: e, Z! J0 O1 g; y5 b! n
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零知识证明改变了这种局面。验证者无需重复所有计算，只需检查一个加密证明即可确认区块的有效性。验证速度显著提升，硬件资源占用也大幅降低。, a3 l1 ?7 z& J {' P3 `& c
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更低的存储、带宽和计算需求，使得在消费级笔记本电脑上运行完全验证节点再次成为可能。
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如果参与成本降低、参与门槛降低，即使 gas 限制和产量增加，个人质押者和家庭验证者也能保持竞争力。' c3 R, g% E+ W$ W, V5 N
4 w* J! V, N N安全、架构和全局0 x& R+ S! O; H+ t* ^& X' a
根据 EIP-8025，区块只有在多个独立证明（目前提议为五个证明中至少三个）得到验证后才会被接受。这既保证了客户端的多样性，又降低了对单一实现的依赖。
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声明内容如下：2 c9 S; F% | F) k k- ]) Z2 c S
0 T8 s1 u8 Y( d4 f6 a* |这项工作分为六个子主题：执行见证和客户程序标准化、zkVM-guest API 标准化、CL 集成、证明器基础设施、基准测试和指标以及使用形式化验证的安全性。
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除了 L1 层之外，此举还有助于规范执行见证人和 zkVM 接口。这将使已经致力于以太坊区块证明的 Rollup 和证明基础设施提供商受益。6 P6 e; T8 E @! b
& m3 b/ `8 \- g' g$ E2 L+ z- ~7 j最后想说的话
0 q$ c+ o4 {* X- v7 aEIP-8025 可以让以太坊区块验证速度更快、重量更轻，从而能够再次在笔记本电脑上运行。* Z6 Q3 B! C2 @% V: o# k
以太坊将在扩展其基础层的同时，有效提升安全性。% T- W: {. \$ V3 @0 ^ u( b
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这波升级要是成了，矿工节点怕是要卷出新高度啊，坐等看谁先吃上螃蟹。 |
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+ C R" ?# k. E/ ?. c* f4 \$ ]: L
可能也就是个完善吧，真的那么重要吗 |
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