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[lastpost] => 2807406 以太坊 2026 年转型：为什么基于证明的验证对节点至关重要（转） 1771412206 rainwang
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[虚拟币交流]
以太坊 2026 年转型：为什么基于证明的验证对节点至关重要（转）
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2月11日，以太坊（ETH）开发者和研究人员将齐聚一堂，参加首届L1-zkEVM研讨会。此次活动或将预示着未来以太坊区块验证将变得更快、更轻量、更便捷。
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1 ^9 _+ H: O0 x. [2 s- q+ `6 }, e路线图：L1-zkEVM 和 EIP-80256 o5 ?* `$ g) o
这项计划属于以太坊 2026 年 L1-zkEVM 路线图的一部分。其核心特性 EIP-8025（也称为可选执行证明）引入了一种新的验证途径。# U4 h$ E7 U* G
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与其要求每个验证者重新运行（或“重新执行”）区块内的所有交易，系统将允许被称为 zkAttester 的专门参与者使用零知识 (ZK) 证明来验证区块。' r1 q2 G" E8 O% q/ V
- ?0 h7 m* `- p, h重要的是，此次升级是可选的。未进行升级的节点将继续按现有方式运行。
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这为什么重要？
2 `. d2 j7 v+ v" Q6 h3 O# T/ f现在，以太坊为了确认交易的正确性，验证者必须重新执行每个区块中的每笔交易。随着网络活动的增长，这将变得非常消耗资源。
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零知识证明改变了这种局面。验证者无需重复所有计算，只需检查一个加密证明即可确认区块的有效性。验证速度显著提升，硬件资源占用也大幅降低。
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7 K5 t: O" L6 b# ]4 f更低的存储、带宽和计算需求，使得在消费级笔记本电脑上运行完全验证节点再次成为可能。
?2 M- D' o9 q
& o5 U/ S' R$ v+ |( B) x如果参与成本降低、参与门槛降低，即使 gas 限制和产量增加，个人质押者和家庭验证者也能保持竞争力。
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安全、架构和全局/ g( |! d; z$ ]4 L x1 `
根据 EIP-8025，区块只有在多个独立证明（目前提议为五个证明中至少三个）得到验证后才会被接受。这既保证了客户端的多样性，又降低了对单一实现的依赖。
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声明内容如下：
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这项工作分为六个子主题：执行见证和客户程序标准化、zkVM-guest API 标准化、CL 集成、证明器基础设施、基准测试和指标以及使用形式化验证的安全性。3 g! G4 O {. }
6 q1 t( W1 s% g! C+ k7 w. J除了 L1 层之外，此举还有助于规范执行见证人和 zkVM 接口。这将使已经致力于以太坊区块证明的 Rollup 和证明基础设施提供商受益。
2 r! J# a& I2 H4 G' D) Q8 P/ J8 S/ C% l4 G1 Z; q9 l$ o5 }
最后想说的话
2 K& k" [! ?. G* N+ V7 x4 I: `EIP-8025 可以让以太坊区块验证速度更快、重量更轻，从而能够再次在笔记本电脑上运行。
8 n4 @0 O& j! L以太坊将在扩展其基础层的同时，有效提升安全性。
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/ w; H. J _# o! J- ?可能也就是个完善吧，真的那么重要吗 |
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这波升级要是成了，矿工节点怕是要卷出新高度啊，坐等看谁先吃上螃蟹。 |
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