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欧洲央行：CBDC是货币体系生存的“唯一解决方案”
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欧洲央行(ECB)在上月发布的一份工作报告系列中表示，央行数字货币(CBDC)可能是确保当前货币体系“平稳延续”的唯一途径。
报告基于150篇学术论文的研究，讨论了和央行数字货币相关的货币政策和金融稳定性。
这篇报告是欧洲央行本月发布的致力于Crypto问题的工作论文系列中的第二篇，由欧洲央行研究经济学家Toni Ahnert、欧洲央行货币政策战略部门主管Katrin Assenmacher和金融研究部门经济学家Peter Hoffmann撰写。
报告指出，在过去15年里人们对“货币和支付经济学”的兴趣有所增加。它同时也强调了数字货币在数字世界中的重要性。
“数字经济为了高效运作，其需要数字货币。由于越来越多企业的业务通过互联网运作，现金作为高效支付手段的意义正在减弱。”
欧洲央行以Crypto和大型数字平台为例，表示CBDC是“保证当前货币体系顺利延续的唯一解决方案”。报告提到，随着新技术在目前的金融体系中扎根，实物货币正在失去其经济“适应性”。“目前还没有其他的监管手段可以消除对两层货币体系的威胁。由于现金只能以实物形式存在，从结构上讲，它并不“适合”数字时代。”
报告还透露，在接受调查的81家央行中，有90%的央行回应称正在积极探讨是否能在2021年底发行央行数字货币。
报告也驳斥了一些有关央行数字货币可能导致信贷供应萎缩的负面评论，其认为央行数字货币具有潜在破坏性的说法是没有依据的。它还指出需要对个人隐私和终端用户关于央行数字货币功能的偏好进行更多研究。
同时，它还强调了目前央行推行过程的主要问题：
央行面临着过度和太少采纳CBDC之间的紧张关系。虽然限制或分层报酬等保障措施有可能避免过度使用现象出现，并降低非中介化风险，但了解它们对用户采纳程度的影响很重要。
更直观地说，电子支付的迅速增长意味着新的支付方式的出现，也代表着用户的偏好正在迅速发生变化。然而某些功能对于终端用户的存在价值，包括个人隐私和将支付与其他服务捆绑在一起带来的便利性，对于这一块我们知之甚少。 来源：金色财经 |
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