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USDC 霸权:加密世界的中心化阴影
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本文由 SnapFingers DAO 建设者共同创作 在美国封杀 Tornado Cash 后,Circle 稳定币 USDC 发行商跟随制裁把相关地址加入黑名单并把其资金冻结。人们逐渐意识到 USDC 对他们所向往的去中心化有一定的破坏力。 USDC/USDT 是目前加密货币的最佳用例。它们使美元在全球范围内的流通变得容易,它们简化了区块链上的交易体验,它们被证明是更好的支付系统,尤其是对国际转账而言。但稳定币完全违背了加密最初的愿景和目的,不论是中心化或是去中心化稳定币。区块链建立的初衷,是摆脱传统金融世界的束缚,并传统金融体系,但从中产生的最佳产品,是一种合成的法定货币(USDC/USDT)。 Circle 背后的投资人有多个华尔街巨头包括 Goldman Sach 和 BlackRoc k 等。Circle 刚开始和Tether (USDT 母公司)相比还不算竞争对手,但随着 USDC 对储备资产相对透明的做法,人们开始喜欢 USDC 并相信它将会超越 USDT 。接着 Luna/UST 的崩塌,USDC 把 UST 大部分的市场吃下来。USDC 变得更大,人们甚至整个加密货币生态对它的依赖越来越重。 USDC 一开始是一个被大多数人忽视的“小肿瘤”,它现在已经转变为一个潜在的“危险癌症”,困扰着加密经济的每一部分。目前 DeFi 协议的大部分资金都是 USDC, DeFi 中最活跃的流动性池,以某种形式或其他形式涉及 USDC,大多数加密货币参与者的链上净值的很大一部分都持有 USDC。 Curve Curve(CRV)上最重要的池子是 3pool,在撰写本文时,它的 TVL 为 9.3 亿美元,USDC 占资金池的 32%。 Uniswap 按 TVL 计算的前 5 个资金池中有 4 个有 USDC。单是 USDC/ETH 的池,每周的交易量超过50亿美元。 AAVE & Compound 在 AAVE 借贷协议上,USDC 是继 ETH 之后活动量第二大的币种。AAVE 总共有 14 亿美元的 USDC 供应,4.7 亿美元的借贷。在 Compound 上,USDC 是仅次于 ETH 的第二高流动性,共有 7 亿美元的流动性。 MakerDAO 当 MakerDAO 转向多资产抵押品模型时,他们持有的 ETH 作为抵押品的数量急剧下降,而储备中的 USDC 数量急剧增加。目前,60% 的 DAI 抵押品由 USDC 提供。DeFi 中领先的去中心化稳定币背后还是严重依赖于中心化稳定币。
USDC 深深扎根于 DeFi 所有基础协议部分。DeFi 的 TVL 总额为 650 亿美元,TVL 排名前五的协议是 MakerDAO、Lido、AAVE、Uniswap 和 Curve,在 650 亿美元的 TVL 中,USDC 累计占 360 亿美元,仅略高于一半,而这五个协议中的四个的 TVL 大部分是由 USDC 构成的。 USDC 除了对 DeFi 拥有权力的一个地方外,对以太坊的发展也有一定的话语权。8月时,V神在韩国 BUIDL Asia 会议提到像 Tether(USDT)和 Circle(USDC)这样的中心化稳定币将成为未来硬分叉的重要决定因素。 这并不是我们系统中的唯一“内鬼”,几乎所有协议都依赖的 Oracle 通常是中心化的,关键的基础设施参与者,如 Infura(基础设施开发工具套件和 API,为去中心化协议独角兽开发,如 UNI、COMP、Metamask 等)也是中心化的,随着信任被放置在这么多不同中心化空间中,更可能的结果是完全放弃了去中心化、抗审查和无许可交易。 来源:金色财经 |
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