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严打虚拟币炒作 数藏平台乱象或已触红线
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8月9日,网信办发布重磅通知《国家网信办集中整治涉虚拟货币炒作乱象》,再次对虚拟货币重拳初出击,这是自去年9月央行等十部门对虚拟货币非法业务活动重拳出击后,第二次相对产生较大影响的加码整顿行动,截止目前已关闭上1.2万个违规用户账号,清理数5.1万条违规信息。
源引中国新闻《对涉虚拟货币炒作乱象,出重拳!》原文如下:
。。。关闭@ICE暴雪创始人、@币圈爆爺等1.2万个违规用户账号,清理“投资比特币轻松赚钱”等违规信息5.1万余条。。。 。。。对打着“金融创新”“区块链”的旗号,诱导网民进行“虚拟货币”“虚拟资产”“数字资产”投资的@飞哥的故事江湖、@绝对盘感比特币等989个微博、贴吧账号和微信公众号依法予以关闭。此外,指导地方网信部门约谈涉虚拟货币宣传炒作的“链节点”、“创投圈”等经营主体500余家次,要求全面清理宣传炒作虚拟货币交易的信息内容。对专门为虚拟货币营销鼓吹、发布教程讲解跨境炒币、虚拟货币“挖矿”的“币头条”等105家网站平台,国家网信办会同相关部门依法予以关闭。。。
本次高压打击呈雷厉风行之势,手段快速,目的明确,该通知同时还表示,依据《关于进一步防范和处置虚拟货币交易炒作风险的通知》精神,也就是924通知,释放了三个重要信号:
(1)网站平台需切实落实主体责任;
(2)对虚拟货币交易炒作持续保持高压打击态势;
(3)在目前监管的基础上,再加大对诱导虚拟货币投资等信息内容和账号纠察力度。
除了继续加码整顿虚拟货币相关违法互动外,从被封禁的账号类型和文中在“虚拟货币”之后所增加的“虚拟资产”、“数字资产”两个关键词可以看出,严厉打击的范围已经不再围绕着特指“虚拟货币”这一单一目标,而是包含“虚拟资产”、“数字资产”在内的广义的围绕“虚拟资产”的相关违法行为,这其中必然将包括“NFT”、“数字藏品”。
其实在早前6月份发布的《福建省清理整顿各类交易场所工作小组关于防范NFT违规风险的提示函》中有如下表述“不得未经批准从事NFT交易、不得违规变相参与NFT活动”等四条提示,其中《提示函》对NFT和数字藏品进行了本质区分,《提示函》指出NFT特指Non-Fungible Token,非同质化代币,差异于虚拟货币的同质化代币,但依旧是可以进行交易的代币类型,金融化后容易与诈骗、炒作、洗钱等非法活动关联,引发连锁风险,国内当前的标准是要求不得未经批准从事NFT交易。
而数字藏品在国家新闻出版署科技与标准综合实验室区块链版权中心的定义中,是指使用区块链技术,对应特定的作品、艺术品生成的唯一数字凭证,在保护其数字版权的基础上,实现真实可信的数字化发行、购买、收藏和使用。两者看起来都是基于区块链技术,但根本的差异在于国外的NFT基于公链,完全去中心化的,其核心的特点是不受管理,不受控制,而国内的数字藏品基于由政府搭建或指定机构搭建的联盟链,国家对联盟链具备监管责任和约束能力。
同时在发行藏品的内容上,国外的NFT没有必要的版权审核流程,这也是NFT在交易中容易出现被盗、流失、版权侵权纠纷问题的原因,而国内合规数字藏品必须要经过内容审核才能上链进行发布,对比于NFT,国内当前的数字藏品发展方向更倾向于数字出版物的概念,最大化版权的归属。货币或代币的本质就在于实行交易行为或衡量可交易物品的价值,而数字藏品则是通过利用区块链可溯源、不可篡改、公开透明的技术手段,将文化要素进行流通,使得数字文化产品、版权作品的价值进行锚定,传递的是数字文化要素的价值。
年内我国数字藏品行业发展“狂奔”,达到百花齐放的程度,数藏平台快速增长,大大小小的数字藏品平台几近超过400家,发行的数字藏品内容也有从非遗文化向体育、影视、音乐、航天航空、知名艺术家等多个行业和领域扩展的态势。数据显示,与数字藏品相关的企业有53家,而与数字经济技术层相关企业超183万家,其中,2021年新增注册企业近70万家,增速68.48%。
可以看出数字藏品在国内依旧保有极大的发展和上升空间,但无论是数字藏品还是虚拟货币、任意形式的虚拟资产,都不可触及恶性炒作、虚假宣传,金融化的产品、做二级市场、侵权盗版、非法出版、违背国家的核心价值观,与诈骗、炒作、洗钱等非法活动关联的红线。区块链技术应用、数字人民币、数字藏品等相关应用,在我国实施文化数字化战略的过程中是极度重要的手段和工具,期待在这一系列整顿之后,可以尽早重拾安全、稳定、快速发展的行业环境,善用数字藏品的正向价值,让其远离炒作,激发其更多新动能,在数字化时代中为人民美好生活需要提供更多选择。 来源:金色财经 |
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